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Westinghouse, Nordion, and PSEG team up to produce Co‑60 in the United States
This past January, Westinghouse Electric Company, Nordion, and PSEG Nuclear formalized agreements to implement newly developed cobalt-60 production technology at Units 1 and 2 of PSEG’s Salem nuclear power plant in New Jersey, with the Co-60 to be supplied to Nordion. Through an ongoing joint initiative, the companies aim to harness U.S. pressurized water reactors to produce a key medical isotope and build the first commercial-scale Co-60 production platform in the United States.
Man-Shik Song, Paul J. Turinsky
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 101 | Number 2 | February 1989 | Pages 117-132
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE89-A23601
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An improved understanding of boiling film dynamics as it relates to energetic steam explosions during degraded core conditions in light water reactors is developed. Several models have been developed and used to predict the characteristics of film boiling when a molten fuel drop suddenly comes into contact with water. An incompressible model and an approximate compressible model, utilizing Gilmore’s equation, are developed consistent with past works and are determined to have several shortfalls. To improve the treatment of compressibility effects, a model employing Lagrang-ian equations is developed. This improved model predicts that applying an external pressure pulse can make a stable film go unstable and decreasing water subcooling stabilizes film oscillations; both predictions are consistent with experimental observations. However, the improved model predicts stable film boiling at low melt temperatures that cannot support such boiling. Modeling Taylor surface instability effects at the water/steam interface indicates that the surface area change due to this surface instability can stabilize the film oscillations.