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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Won Sik Yang, Thomas J. Downar
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 99 | Number 4 | August 1988 | Pages 353-366
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE99-353
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The generalized perturbation theory was developed to accommodate constant power core depletion. The resulting adjoint equations are distinguished from the corresponding constant flux depletion system by the coupling of adjacent time intervals in the source of the generalized adjoint flux equation. The method is demonstrated first with an analytic solution to an infinite medium problem. A system of numerical equations is then formulated to be consistent with the number density iteration scheme used to simulate constant power depletion in the code REBUS at Argonne National Laboratory. A two-dimensional (R-Z) fast reactor example similar to that used by previous authors for constant flux depletion is solved here to provide a consistent basis for evaluating the present work. The sensitivity coefficients predicted by constant power depletion perturbation theory are consistently within a few percent of the exact calculation.