ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
September 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2026
Latest News
Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
D. V. Gopinath, K. V. Subbaiah, D. K. Trubey
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 97 | Number 4 | December 1987 | Pages 362-373
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE87-A23519
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Transport computations in shield-tissue composite systems are presented. It is observed that the scattered gamma-ray spectra at the interface, which are governed by the reflectivities of different media, are significantly different from those of an infinite medium. The interface effects also extend back into the shield medium, the extent depending on the atomic number of the medium and energy of the source photons. The implications of these differences on the dose distribution and buildup factors in the shield-tissue system are significant. These studies show that in many cases the infinite-medium buildup factors are quite inadequate to compute the maximum dose in the tissue following a shield. Appropriate correction factors are given. The singular behavior of the spectrum due to source photons of energy close to but above the K edge of the medium is highlighted.