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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
M. Bober, J. Singer
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 97 | Number 4 | December 1987 | Pages 344-352
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE87-A23517
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
By analogy with the classic boiling point method, a quasi-stationary millisecond laser-heating technique was applied to measure the saturated vapor pressure curve of liquid UO2 in the temperature range of 3500 to 4500 K. The results are represented by log p (MPa) = 5.049 - 23 042/T (K), which gives an average heat of vaporization of 441 kJ/mol and a normal boiling point of 3808 K. In addition, spectral emissivities of liquid UO2 were determined as a function of the temperature at the pyrometer wavelengths of 752 and 1064 nm.