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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
L. F. Hansen, J. D. Anderson, R. J. Doyas, R. J. Howerton, T. Komoto, C. M. Logan, C. Wong, J. L. Kammerdiener
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 55 | Number 3 | November 1974 | Pages 345-348
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE74-A23461
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The neutron spectra emitted from 2 and 4 mean-free-paths of concrete irradiated by 14-MeV neutrons have been measured between 14 and 2 MeV using the sphere transmission and time-of-flight techniques. The spectra have been calculated with the Monte Carlo neutron transport code TART using the ENDL Livermore neutron library and the ENDF/B-III neutron library. From the comparison between measurements and calculations, it was inferred that the nonelastic cross section for oxygen in the ENDL library was too large. A revision of the cross sections for 14- and 14.6-MeV neutrons was carried out and resulted in very good agreement between measurements and calculations.