ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
September 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2026
Latest News
Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Sten-Örjan Lindahl
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 53 | Number 4 | April 1974 | Pages 475-478
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE74-A23378
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Using the multigroup diffusion equation, a reciprocity relation is established for an arbitrarily shaped body. This relation expresses the flux caused by a source inside the body in terms of the flux resulting from an incident current on that body. In the multigroup case for one-dimensional bodies with flat sources and in the one-group case for rectangular two-dimensional bodies with an arbitrary source, practical formulas are derived from this relation. These give the leakage from a body in terms of its reflection and transmission properties. An advantage of the use of this reciprocity relation is the improved computational efficiency in response matrix calculations.