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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
G. P. Marino
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 49 | Number 1 | September 1972 | Pages 93-98
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE72-A22530
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An analytical method is described which enables one to calculate the concentration profile of an interstitial solute of finite solubility in an alloy under a given thermal gradient. The method requires that one know beforehand the diffusion coefficient, the terminal solid solubility, and the heat of transport of the solute. The work is applied to the experimental conditions of Sawatzky and of Markowitz for hydrogen in Zircaloy. The agreement between the predicted profiles and the experimentally determined profiles is quite good for total concentrations less than ∼1000 ppm. For concentrations greater than this, some deviation is seen but the overall agreement is still considered good within the accuracy of the assumptions employed. The principles embodied in the analysis are easily generalized to include multidimensional thermal and concentration gradients.