ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
September 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2026
Latest News
Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Keiichi Saito
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 48 | Number 4 | August 1972 | Pages 467-474
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE72-A22514
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Lehto and Carpenter performed a set of experiments concerning the temperature and the gamma-ray fluctuations in a relatively low power reactor with high fission product inventories. The results are uniformly and quantitatively analyzed by applying the theoretical approach previously developed by the present author. The new features of the present consideration are the following two points: (a) incorporation of the external noise source in the previous theory which includes only the inherent noise source theoretically determined with the use of the first-order linearized Markoffian model of the reactor noise phenomenon; (b) analysis of the cross power spectral density (CPSD) between the two state quantities characterizing the core performances. The first point gives a successful interpretation of most of the experimental results in spite of adopting a simple analytical model. The newly extended framework of the theory can include also a reactivity transfer-function analysis with the use of a proper driving function. The phase of the CPSD between the power and the temperature is calculated on a one-space-point, a one-delayed-group, and a one- or two-feedback-loop reactor model. The results suggest that the experimental determination of the phase will provide both a check point for the theoretical model of the dynamical behaviors of at-power reactors and some bits of information on the feedback parameters.