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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
R. Brevi, M. Cumo, A. Palmieri, D. Pitimada
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 46 | Number 1 | October 1971 | Pages 131-139
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE71-A22340
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Very promising results with the insertion of twisted tapes in tubular heat exchangers have suggested performance of experiments under more interesting conditions, i.e., at higher pressures (50 atm) with exchangers of larger dimensions (200 cm in length and 1-cm i.d.). The results show a great increase in the forced-convection heat transfer coefficient ranging from 100 to 150% at specific mass flow rates of 70 to 100 g/(cm2 sec). The law of dependence of the Nusselt number on the Reynolds number varies with an exponent unity instead of 0.8. The burnout thermal power increases by 30 to 50%; correspondingly, the burnout qualities increase from 60 to 90%, thus drastically reducing the post-burnout length. Furthermore, within this length there are no characteristic, dangerous temperature oscillations. The present results, together with others cited in the referenced literature, constitute a basis for improvement of the subcritical once-through heat exchangers for pressurized-water and liquid metal fast breeder reactor power plants.