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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Yoshiro Asahi, Keisuke Okumura, Yasuo Ose
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 139 | Number 1 | September 2001 | Pages 78-95
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE01-A2223
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The rate equation for neutronic population is derived from the transient neutron diffusion equation. Neutronic imbalance is defined as the difference between the solution of the rate equation and the neutronic population obtained by spatial kinetics. If the transient neutron diffusion equation in the fully implicit formulation is discretized in such a manner as to satisfy the Gauss theorem and to retain a conservation form, neutronic imbalance decreases as the convergence criteria become strict. The iterative implicit method for neutronics and thermal hydraulics requires continuity of all the variables involved, which, in turn, facilitates the automatic time-step width control. From the viewpoints not only of well-posedness of a transient problem but also of code verification, a transient code should be capable of a null transient analysis for stable systems. Sample calculations are performed for a pressurized water reactor main-steam-line-break accident. An overall thermal-hydraulic trend model is conjectured to help compare and explain the calculated results. Spatial kinetics is found to clearly influence even the temporal behaviors of the secondary system.