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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Trinity Test at 80: American Nuclear Society CEO Craig Piercy reflects on the Manhattan Project
By Craig H. Piercy, CEO and Executive Director of the American Nuclear Society
Eighty years ago today, at exactly 5:29:45 a.m. local time* on July 16, 1945, the United States Army detonated the world’s first nuclear bomb in the Jornada del Muerto desert of southern New Mexico. The searing flash and thunderous shockwave marked the culmination of the Manhattan Project, a secret, three-year national effort to harness nuclear fission and hasten the end of the Second World War.
The Trinity test, overseen by Manhattan Project director Major General Leslie Groves and Los Alamos Laboratory director Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer, was the final act of that race to build the atomic bomb. Hoisted atop a 100-foot steel tower, the plutonium implosion device, known as the Gadget, unleashed a blast equal to 21,000 tons of TNT and temperatures hotter than the center of the Sun.
From ten miles away, observers wearing darkened welder goggles, looked on in stunned silence. “We knew the world would not be the same,” recalled Oppenheimer.
Hiroshi Sekimoto, Nobuhiro Yamamuro
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 80 | Number 1 | January 1982 | Pages 101-112
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE82-A21407
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The minimization of the functionals defined by the prior knowledge and integral data of a neutron spectrum can be the basis of many unfolding methods. The form of these functionals classifies the widely used methods: FERDOR, SPECTRA, RFSP, CRYSTAL BALL, SAND-II, STAYSL, and others. The methods are systematically derived and theoretically compared to each other. Their relations to the function expansion method are discussed, and several cases of estimated spectra are studied. Treatments of response-function errors are also mentioned.