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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Yoshihisa Watanabe, Takeshi Mukoyama
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 80 | Number 1 | January 1982 | Pages 92-100
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE82-A21406
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A photoexcitation process by gamma rays from a 60Co source has been studied for the nuclei of 87Sr, 111Cd, 115In, and 176Lu. The induced isomeric activity was measured with a Ge(Li) detector. The flux of photons scattered into the target has been estimated with the Monte Carlo method using the single-scattering approximation. From the observed induced activities and the calculated photon flux, the integral cross sections for isomer production by photoexcitation were obtained and compared with other experimental data.
