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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
T. F. Wimett, H. C. Paxton
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 78 | Number 4 | August 1981 | Pages 425-431
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE81-A21379
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A critical assembly with circulating enriched uranium solution was operated for brief periods at power up to 2 MW corresponding to a core temperature differential of 13°C. Although delayed neutron precursors were swept out of the critical region, contributing little to control, power followed excess reactivity satisfactorily. At excess reactivity of 0.2 dollar, power oscillations began to appear, and above ∼0.5 dollar they diverged. The 1-s period appears to be associated with vibration of unconstrained piping. Reactivity quench coefficients are greater than those measured without flow. The difference is attributed to macroscopic release of radiolytic gas.