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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Y. L. Sandler, R. H. Kunig
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 77 | Number 2 | February 1981 | Pages 211-218
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE81-A21354
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The solubility of iron and nickel from a nonstoichiometric nickel ferrite in a hydrogen-containing aqueous solution of 0.2 M boric acid was determined in a flow system between 330°C (626°F) and room temperature. The data are relevant to the dissolution and precipitation of corrosion products from the primary coolant system surfaces in pressurized water reactors during operation and cooldown. Solubility maxima of 4.2 ppm iron and 1.0 ppm nickel were obtained at 80°C (175°F). The results are shown to be consistent with published data for iron from magnetite in hydrochloric acid at the same pH between 330 and 120°C, but to be lower by a factor of 106 at room temperature. The low solubility in the low-temperature region suggests that a quasi-equilibrium can be established with a borated surface that passivates the ferrite substrate.