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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
O. E. Dwyer, H. C. Berry
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 39 | Number 2 | February 1970 | Pages 143-150
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE70-A21194
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A theoretical study of fully developed heat transfer for in-line slug flow through unbaffled equilateral triangular bundles is reported. Results are given for the pitch: diameter range 1.05 to 2.00. Two sets of thermal boundary conditions have been considered: (a) uniform wall heat flux in all directions and (b) uniform wall heat flux in the axial direction and uniform wall temperature in the circumferential direction. For the first set, results on the circumferential variation of the wall temperature are given; and for the second, those on the circumferential variation of the wall heat flux are given. For both sets, average Nusselt numbers and circumferential variations of the local heat-transfer coefficients are also given. In all cases, the results are presented in the form of convenient dimensionless groups, and it is shown that they apply to, or can be used for, the estimation of the same dependent variables for turbulent flow of liquid metals through rod bundles. It has also been shown that for the P/D ratios and Peclet numbers normally employed in liquid-metal-cooled reactor cores, the ratio of the maximum temperature variation around a rod to the average wall-to-bulk temperature drop, in the case of uniform wall heat flux in all directions, is not greatly different for both slug and turbulent flows.