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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
L. R. Bunney, D. Sam
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 39 | Number 1 | January 1970 | Pages 81-91
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE70-A21173
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Experimental measurements of the gamma-ray spectra emitted by the products of thermal-neutron fission of 235U have been made at nine selected times (¼, ½, 1, 2, 5, 10, 24, 48, and 72 h) after fission. A calibrated and highly collimated 5- × 5-in. NaI(T1) detector was used. The 100-energy-bin γ-ray spectra were unfolded from the pulse-height distributions by means of an iterative method. Extensive use was made of machine computation. The number of fissions in each sample was determined radiochemically. Significant differences between this work and calculated spectra were found. At the earlier times the experimental photon emission rate is higher than the calculated rate by as much as 40%. At later times the experimental rate is 20% lower than the calculated rate. Surprisingly large differences (as much as 33%) were found between the photon emission rates of products of fission by slow neutrons and by fast neutrons.