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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Weston M. Stacey, Jr.
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 38 | Number 3 | December 1969 | Pages 229-243
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE69-A21157
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The problem of optimally controlling xenon spatial oscillations is formulated as a problem in the calculus of variations for distributed parameter systems. The resulting partial differential equations (space- and time-dependent) are then approximated by a nodal representation to obtain a set of ordinary differential equations (time-dependent) with mixed (initial and final) boundary conditions. An iterative solution scheme, which utilizes a quasilinearization of the equations and a transformation matrix relating initial to final values of certain variables, is employed to obtain numerical results. Feasibility of the method is established by several sample calculations. A physical interpretation is given the Lagrange multiplier functions which initially are introduced for mathematical considerations.