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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Hongyu Zhou, Xinfu Wang, Chao Wang, Ming Hua, Guangshun Huang, Guoying Fan, Ting Lu, Siqing Bartel
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 134 | Number 1 | January 2000 | Pages 106-113
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE00-A2104
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The gamma radiation in the interaction of 14.9-MeV neutrons with a natural lead sample is investigated by the total gamma radiation measurement technique (TGRM). Forty-nine prompt gamma lines and 8 delayed gamma lines, which come from (n,n') and (n,2n) reactions of 206Pb, 207Pb, and 208Pb, are identified, and their differential production cross sections at 55, 90, and 140 deg are determined. Six mixed gamma-ray peaks are separated, and the production data of the prompt and delayed components are given separately. The production cross sections of three isomeric states (1013.7 keV, (13/2)+, 5.5 ms in 205mPb; 2200.2 keV, 7-, 124s in 206mPb; and 1633.3 keV, (13/2)+, 0.81s in 207mPb) are accurately determined. They are in good agreement with some recent experimental and theoretical results. This is the most successful example of applying TGRM in an (n,x) experimental study following after the aluminum study.