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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
G. C. Pomraning
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 22 | Number 3 | July 1965 | Pages 328-338
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE65-A20937
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An approximation to the transport equation is presented, which is capable of arbitrary accuracy and yields the exact transport-theory asymptotic behavior in all orders for any geometry. Anisotropic scattering is treated explicitly, and the inclusion of energy and time dependences is straightforward. The approximation, which is very similar to the usual spherical-harmonic (PN) method, is derived by introducing a new truncation scheme into the infinite set spherical-harmonic equations. This truncation method consists of assuming that the higher spherical-harmonic components, equated to zero in the PN method, can be related to lower components by assuming the angular distribution to be in an asymptotic distribution. The resulting approximation is very similar in structure to the PN approximation (in particular, it is no more complex) but has the added advantage of yielding exact asymptotic behavior.