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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
R. A. Karam
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 37 | Number 2 | August 1969 | Pages 192-197
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE69-A20678
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An experimental method for the determination of the normalization integral (denominator of perturbation expression) has been developed and used in three fast assemblies. The procedure consists of measuring the apparent reactivity associated with a calibrated 252Cf neutron source at a known power level. The method is independent of the geometrical configuration of the nuclear reactor. Additionally the spatial distributions of the importance of fission neutrons were measured by observing the rate of the linear increase of the neutron population due to the 252Cf source as a function of position in each fast assembly. The measured values of the normalization integrals (N.I.) as well as the measured distribution of were higher than those obtained with multigroup calculations.