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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Jack M. Hochman, Charles F. Bonilla
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 22 | Number 4 | August 1965 | Pages 434-442
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE65-A20629
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The electrical resistivity of high purity liquid cesium was determined in a pressurized furnace from 600 to 3000°F (316 to 1649°C) by measurements of the electrical resistance of a Ta-10%W alloy tube, both empty and filled with cesium. The resistivity found for the lower temperatures agrees moderately well with previously published results, the discrepancy decreasing at the highest temperatures. The thermal conductivity of liquid cesium was calculated from its resistivity using a Lorenz number of 2.3 × 10−8 (V/deg K)2. By comparing the cesium data with a reduced resistivity vs reduced temperature curve for mercury, the critical temperature of cesium is found to be 3190 °F (1754 °C), with a corresponding critical pressure of 130.8 atm from an available vapor-pressure correlation.