ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 15–18, 2026
Phoenix, AZ|Arizona Grand Resort & Spa
Latest Magazine Issues
Sep 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Westinghouse, Nordion, and PSEG team up to produce Co‑60 in the United States
This past January, Westinghouse Electric Company, Nordion, and PSEG Nuclear formalized agreements to implement newly developed cobalt-60 production technology at Units 1 and 2 of PSEG’s Salem nuclear power plant in New Jersey, with the Co-60 to be supplied to Nordion. Through an ongoing joint initiative, the companies aim to harness U.S. pressurized water reactors to produce a key medical isotope and build the first commercial-scale Co-60 production platform in the United States.
Kirk A. Mathews
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 132 | Number 2 | June 1999 | Pages 155-180
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE99-A2057
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Discrete ordinates calculations are presumed to translate particles from cell to cell in the directions specified in the angular set. This should result in uncollided particles from a small source propagating through the spatial mesh in narrow beams in these directions. Accurate high-order angular quadratures presume accurately attenuated propagation in the intended directions. This work examines the ability of various spatial quadratures to propagate rays correctly. Some widely used methods are shown to fail at this fundamental task. Diamond-difference approximations introduce undamped lateral oscillations, resulting in severely unphysical flux representations. Nonlinear fixups can prevent negativity but do not correct the underlying failure to properly propagate rays. First-moment conserving schemes tend to be successful but can be degraded in performance by simplifying approximations that are often used. Characteristic schemes are shown to have significant advantages. New characteristic methods are developed here that are exact (in a certain sense) in propagating rays and that uncouple the calculation of adjacent spatial cells in the mesh sweep. This enables DO loops to be converted to DO INDEPENDENT loops, with obvious implications for vector and/or parallel implementations.