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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
C. Ronchi, J. Sakellaridis, C. Syros
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 95 | Number 4 | April 1987 | Pages 282-295
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE87-A20439
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The diffusion equation for volatile radioactive fission products in sintered nuclear fuels is investigated. All known effects that may affect the rate of diffusion to the grain boundaries are taken into account: simultaneous diffusion of the radioactive precursors, radioactive decay, sink trapping, and radiation resolution. Starting from the analysis of the spatial transport equation, an expression for the boundary loss term to be used in the simpler reaction rate equation is deduced. For practical applications the boundary loss term in the absence of resolution effects can reasonably be assumed to be independent of time. This is not generally true if resolution effects are present; in this case the release calculations become more complex than it was assumed so far. Finally, a discussion on the properties of the boundary loss term as functions of the physical parameters involved follows, and details of the calculations are presented.