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2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Chester D. Kylstra and Robert E. Uhrig
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 22 | Number 2 | June 1965 | Pages 191-205
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE65-A20238
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The concept of a transfer function for a nuclear system is extended to include spatial effects. The general equation is derived using the time-dependent Fermi age and diffusion theories for a single-region, isotropic, homogeneous medium. The fluctuations of the thermal-neutron density at any point in the assembly is related to the variation of the fast-neutron source. The general transfer function equation is specialized for several cases, including the case of a point source in a cylindrical medium. Theoretical curves are calculated for multiplying and non-multiplying media and compared with the commonly used lumped-parameter transfer function. The results indicate, in general, that the lumped-parameter model predicts the correct behavior of the nuclear system only if the output detector is carefully positioned at a specific distance from the source. If the detector is located elsewhere, the lumped-parameter model is not capable of accurate results. The theoretical equations were used to calculate the spatially dependent transfer function between two detectors (the cross-transfer function) that were located within light- and heavy-water subcritical assemblies, simulating some experimental measurements. A comparison of the experimental and theoretical transfer functions indicate that the Fermi age, diffusion theory model might be quite adequate in describing the kinetics of a nuclear system.