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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Walter H. D'Ardenne, Henry E. Bliss, David D. Lanning, Irving Kaplan and Theos J. Thompson
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 32 | Number 3 | June 1968 | Pages 283-291
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE68-A20210
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Reactor physics parameters were measured in three heavy water lattices consisting of 0.250-in.-diam, 1.03 wt% 235U metal fuel rods in triangular arrays spaced at 1.25, 1.75, and 2.50 in. The following quantities were measured in each lattice: the ratio of epicadmium to subcadmium radiative captures in 238U (ρ28); the ratio of epicadmium to subcadmium fissions in 235U (δ25); the ratio of radiative captures in 238U to fissions in 235U (C); and the fissions in 238U to fissions in 235U (δ28). These experimental results were used to calculate the following reactor physics parameters for each lattice: the resonance escape probability p, the fast fission factor ϵ, the multiplication factor for an infinite system k∞, and the initial conversion ratio C. Analytical results obtained by using THERMOS and GAM-I are in fair agreement with the experimental results.