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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
T. C. Chawla, B. M. Hoglund
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 44 | Number 3 | June 1971 | Pages 320-344
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE71-A20165
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The flow transients as initiated by rapid gas release are studied both experimentally and analytically. The mathematical model developed considers a multiple pin failure in a fast-reactor subassembly. In formulating the model, it is assumed that the released gas fills the subassembly cross section uniformly and that the coolant flow is incompressible. The model considers the inertial contribution of the liquid columns beyond the pin assembly, as well as the three-dimensional flow effects in the inlet and outlet plenums. In the application of the model to out-of-pile simulation loops, or in-pile test loops, points of departure in hydraulic simulation of the actual reactor conditions can be taken into account. A quantitative criterion for valid application of the model is obtained in terms of breach size, number of pins ruptured, initial gas plenum pressure and temperature, and subassembly operating conditions. The predictions of the flow transients obtained by means of the model agree well with the experimental data. An example of the application of the model to a reactor configuration is given using an FFTF fuel subassembly.