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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
S. C. McGuire,T. Z. Hossain, R. J. Soave
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 117 | Number 2 | June 1994 | Pages 134-139
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE94-A20080
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The recent use is reported of neutron activation analysis to determine the elemental content of silicon-germanium layers that were epitaxially grown on antimony-doped single crystal silicon substrates. The substrates formed part of gold-contact Schottky diode circuits. Gamma rays from the activation products 75Ge and 77Ge were used, and the usefulness was demonstrated of the gallium Kα X ray, emitted in the electron capture decay of 71 Ge, to identify and quantify the germanium in our samples. Minor components of the silicon matrix and their bulk atomic concentrations for specimens having masses of ∼56 mg were germanium (4 ppm), gold (2 ppm), and antimony (32 ppm). Estimates for the germanium atom fraction x, in the layers, in the range of 6 to 8%, were obtained for the samples studied.