ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 15–18, 2026
Phoenix, AZ|Arizona Grand Resort & Spa
Latest Magazine Issues
Sep 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Westinghouse, Nordion, and PSEG team up to produce Co‑60 in the United States
This past January, Westinghouse Electric Company, Nordion, and PSEG Nuclear formalized agreements to implement newly developed cobalt-60 production technology at Units 1 and 2 of PSEG’s Salem nuclear power plant in New Jersey, with the Co-60 to be supplied to Nordion. Through an ongoing joint initiative, the companies aim to harness U.S. pressurized water reactors to produce a key medical isotope and build the first commercial-scale Co-60 production platform in the United States.
Li Mao, J. P. Both, J. C. Nimal
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 130 | Number 2 | October 1998 | Pages 226-238
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE98-A2002
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The coefficients of a truncated Legendre series are usually used in multigroup cross-section sets to treat the angular distribution for a group-to-group scattering event. Fine energy meshes and low-order Legendre expansions result in negative values in the corresponding multigroup Legendre expansions; therefore, special transfer matrix treatments for multigroup cross sections are needed.The difficulties of the truncated Legendre series representation in treating multigroup transfer are explained. In TRIMARAN-II, two existing standard methods, the equally probable step function (EPSF) representation and the discrete angle representation, which are based on preservation (at least approximately) of the first moments, are studied. The discrete angle representation has the advantage of accurately preserving the moments, but it may cause ray effects; the EPSF representation can eliminate ray effects, but it is not suitable for the treatment of the transfer matrix for material mixtures, because both forward- and backward-peaked scattering are present in this kind of cross section. A new method, the nonequally probable step function (NEPSF) representation, which combines the advantages of both the discrete angle and EPSF representations, is introduced. It can eliminate ray effects and accurately preserve the moments. The conjugate gradient method, powerful for solving multidimensional minimization problems, is used to obtain both the EPSF and NEPSF representations. A problem of neutron transmission in a hydrogenous material is used to compare the three representations. Comparisons of the TRIMARAN-II results with the three representations to those of the TRIPOLI-4 pointwise cross-section Monte Carlo code are given.