ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
September 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2026
Latest News
Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
M. Necati Özişik, Daniel Hughes
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 35 | Number 3 | March 1969 | Pages 384-393
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE69-A20018
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The steady-state flux of matter of molecular size from a mixture of vapor and noncondensable gas to the walls of a large containment vessel during the condensation of vapor can be predicted with the present analysis. A boundary layer approach has been used in formulating the mass-transfer problem and the resulting equations are solved numerically. Charts are presented for the flux of molecular iodine from a steam-air mixture to the walls of the containment vessel during the condensation of steam. Knowing the total pressure and the temperature of the bulk mixture, the wall temperature, and the concentration of air and iodine in the bulk mixture, the rate of removal of iodine from the vessel can be predicted. The analysis is correlated with an experiment and close agreement is found.