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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
I. Toumi, D. Caruge
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 130 | Number 2 | October 1998 | Pages 213-225
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE98-A2001
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A new numerical method for three-dimensional two-phase flow computations is presented. The method has been implemented within the FLICA-4 computer code, which is devoted to three-dimensional thermal-hydraulic analysis of nuclear reactor cores. This numerical method is based on a finite volume technique, where convective fluxes at cell interfaces are calculated with an approximate Riemann solver. A strategy for constructing this linearized Riemann solver, which extends Roe's scheme, to solve two-phase flow equations is described. Extension to a second-order-accurate method is achieved using a piecewise linear approximation of the solution and a slope limiter method. For advancing in time, a fully implicit integrating step is used. Some improvements performed to obtain a linearized implicit solution method that provides fast-running steady-state calculations are also presented. This kind of numerical method, which is widely used for fluid dynamic calculations, is proved to be very efficient for the numerical solution to two-phase flow problems.