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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Han Gyu Joo, Guobing Jiang, Thomas J. Downar
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 130 | Number 1 | September 1998 | Pages 47-59
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE98-A1988
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The nonlinear analytic nodal method, which is formulated by combining the nonlinear iteration technique and the analytic nodal method (ANM), requires analytic solutions of the two-node problems. When the method is applied to problems that contain near-critical nodes in which there is essentially no net leakage, the two-node ANM solution for such nodes results in highly ill-conditioned matrices and potential numerical instabilities, especially in single precision arithmetic. Two stabilization techniques are introduced to resolve the instability problem by employing alternate basis functions for near-critical nodes. The first uses the exact ANM solution for a critical node, and the second employs the nodal expansion method. Both techniques are shown to perform well; however, the solution accuracy can be mildly sensitive to the criterion used to invoke the stabilized coupling kernel.