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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Parrish Staples, Kevin Morley
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 129 | Number 2 | June 1998 | Pages 149-163
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE98-A1969
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The fission cross-section ratios for isotopic targets of 240Pu, 242Pu, and 244Pu relative to 235U are measured for neutron energies from 0.5 to 400 MeV and for 239Pu relative to 235U for energies from 0.85 to 62 MeV. A multiple-plate gas ionization detector was used to measure simultaneously the fission rate for each of the isotopic targets. The neutron energies were determined by the time-of-flight technique on a 20-m flight path at the Weapons Neutron Research white neutron source at the Los Alamos National Laboratory Neutron Science Center. Uncertainties are <4% for energies <50 MeV. This measurement provides the capability to resolve discrepancies among previous measurements for these isotopes over this energy range and are the first measurements for most of these isotopes for energies >30 MeV. The results are compared with previous measurements and to ENDF/B-VI.