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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
J. E. Hoogenboom
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 70 | Number 2 | May 1979 | Pages 210-212
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE79-A19656
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In solving integral equations and estimating average with the Monte Carlo method, biasing functions may be used to reduce the variance of the estimates. A simple derivation has been used to prove the existence of a zero-variance collision estimator if a specific biasing function and survival probability are applied. This optimum biasing function is the same as that used for the well-known zero-variance last-event estimator.