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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Yoshihiro Yamane, Minoru Shinkawa, Kojiro Nishina
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 72 | Number 2 | November 1979 | Pages 244-255
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE79-A19469
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
For single-core reflected neutronic systems, generalized neutron generation time is derived and given physical interpretations in terms of importance. A system kinetic equation containing the moderator region response function previously introduced is reduced by a slow-variation approximation to the form of a conventional one-point kinetic equation, in which a parameter can be identified as generalized neutron generation time by analogy with a bare system. In such a mathematical expression for the parameter, one can further identify the amount of increase due to reflection over the bare system generation time. This amount is found to be the reflection time multiplied by the number of migrations that neutrons undergo between reflector and core in one generation. The theoretical generation time of the SHE assembly, a thermal-energy, graphite-moderated critical assembly, calculated by such a formulation with cylindrical geometry, agreed well with that from pulsed neutron experiments.