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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
T. M. Tran, J. Ligou
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 79 | Number 3 | November 1981 | Pages 269-277
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE81-A19404
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The time-dependent linear Fokker-Planck equation governing the transport of fast ions in a spherical host medium is solved in the suprathermal energy range, including both continuous slowing down and angular diffusion. Because of the parabolic nature of the angular dispersion term, an implicit time-centered scheme is proposed. On the other hand, a second-order diamond approximation in energy and space is chosen to avoid the spurious numerical diffusion driven by the usual first-order methods. The last variable, the pitch angle cosine, is discretized by centered finite differences. Good accuracy is demonstrated when comparing the results of the proposed method with the “exact” values given in the literature for some benchmark problems or by checking energy and particle balance equations. A numerical code (CIRCE) based on this scheme has been developed; it can be coupled to standard one-dimensional hydrodynamics codes after a few straightforward modifications.