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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
R. T. Santoro, R. G. Alsmiller, Jr., J. M. Barnes, T. A. Gabriel
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 105 | Number 3 | July 1990 | Pages 278-289
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE90-A19192
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Monte Carlo codes MORSE and MCNP have been used to calculate the tritium production from ≈ 14-MeV neutron reactions in a Li2O assembly. Tritium production from neutron reactions with 6Li and 7Li nuclei were calculated along the central axis of a 0.60-m-diam × 0.60-m-long assembly and four additional assemblies where sheets of Type 304 stainless steel and polyethylene were placed in front of the Li2O to simulate first-wall and coolant materials. The calculated data are compared with measured data obtained at the Fusion Neutron Source at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute. The calculated data reproduce the measured data in shape, but differ from the measured data by 10 to 20% in the case of 6Li and as much as 30% at some spatial locations for the 7Li tritium production.
