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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
P. L. Reeder, R. A. Warner
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 79 | Number 1 | September 1981 | Pages 56-64
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE81-A19042
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Average energies of the delayed neutron spectra from 34 precursors have been compiled from the literature to give a set of best values. Average energies of six-group and equilibrium spectra are calculated by summing weighted values of the individual precursors. These calculated average energies are in reasonable agreement with the rather limited experimental data. Equilibrium delayed neutron spectra are calculated by summing spectra for individual precursors. The calculated equilibrium spectra are then compared to an approximate spectrum based on a Maxwellian distribution with just one parameter, the average energy. Sets of experimental spectra for individual precursors measured at two different laboratories are compared. The Maxwellian shape gives reasonable agreement with one set. The other set has more neutrons at low energy and does not fit a Maxwellian shape.