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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Donald G. Schweitzer and Robert M. Singer
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 19 | Number 4 | August 1964 | Pages 385-389
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE64-A18992
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Analyses of property changes during reirradiations and anneals show that the technique of alternate reirradiations and anneals can be used consistently to remove radiation damage from graphite. Laboratory experiments, monitoring studies and reactor-height measurements all correlate favorably. It is shown that the recovery for a reirradiation and annealing cycle is independent of irradiation temperature between 30 C and 200 C and total damage over wide ranges. The reciprocal of the recovery per cycle is a linear function of the exposure between anneals with a slope that is determined by the anneal temperature.