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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Wataru Shinoda, Susumu Mitake
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 36 | Number 3 | June 1969 | Pages 372-388
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE69-A18735
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
We investigated the xenon-induced spatial oscillations in boiling-water cooled reactors by the use of a three-dimensional xenon dynamics code FILE-6, which solves the one-group neutron diffusion equation simultaneously with the steady state thermo-hydrodynamics equations and with the iodine-to-xenon equations in the time domain. The stability limit of the first azimuthal mode in terms of the void coefficient of reactivity was found to be in a 500 MWe heavy-water-moderated boiling-light-water-cooled reactor. When the height of the reactor core is larger than 7 m, the first axial mode becomes unstable for a void coefficient of +0.05. It has also been shown that (i) a positive (negative) void coefficient may have a stabilizing (destabilizing) effect on the axial higher modes depending on the inlet subcooling, (ii) the mode coupling between the axially zeroth and the first modes through voids has a stabilizing effect, and (iii) when the first azimuthal mode is oscillating, higher harmonics are excited in some of higher modes through the nonlinear reactivity feedback.