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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Roland England, W. L. Filippone
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 83 | Number 4 | April 1983 | Pages 513-521
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE83-A18657
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Streaming ray (SR) computations normally employ a set of specially selected ray directions. For x-y geometry, these directions are not uniformly spaced in the azimuthal angle nor do they conform to any of the standard quadrature sets in current use. For simplicity in all previous SR computations uniform angular weights were used. This Note investigates two methods, a bisection scheme and a Fourier scheme, for selecting more appropriate azimuthal angular weights. In the bisection scheme the azimuthal weight assigned to an SR direction is half the angular spread (in the x-y plane) between its two adjacent ray directions. In the Fourier method, the weights are chosen such that the number of terms in a Fourier series exactly integrable on the interval (0,2π) is maximized. Several sample calculations have been performed. While both the Fourier and bisection weights showed significant advantage over the uniform weights used previously, the Fourier scheme appears to be the best method. Lists of bisection and Fourier weights are given for quadrature sets containing 4, 8, 12, …, 60 azimuthal SR directions.