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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
P. Ihle
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 88 | Number 3 | November 1984 | Pages 206-219
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE84-A18578
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The results of flooding experiments with blocked arrays (FEBA) are presented, a program performed at Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe within the framework of the Project Nuclear Safety (PNS). Experiments performed out of pile show that coolant channel constrictions of up to 90% do not lead to significant core coolability problems during reflood. This is even true for low water injection rates corresponding to a flooding velocity of 2 cm/s for the cold bundle. The results of the thermal-hydraulic experiments cover rather widely the cladding temperature range below 1000°C. However, outlining the total range of heat transfer conditions in severely damaged rod bundle geometries, investigations performed within the framework of the PNS are mentioned as well. They provide information about the condition of rod bundles being exposed to temperatures of up to 2000°C prior to reflood.