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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Toshikazu Shibata, Tadaharu Tamai, Masatoshi Hayashi, John C. Posey, James L. Snelgrove
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 87 | Number 4 | August 1984 | Pages 405-417
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE84-A18507
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Irradiated uranium-aluminide fuel plates of 40% 235U enrichment were heated for the determination of the amounts of fission products released at temperatures up to and higher than the melting point of the fuel cladding material. The release of fission products from the fuel plate at temperatures below 500°C was negligible. Three stages of fission product release were observed. The first rapid release was observed at ∼561°C along with blistering of the plates. The next release, which occurred at 585°C, might have been caused by melting of the Type 6061 aluminum alloy. The last release of fission product gases occurred at 650°C, which probably corresponds to the eutectic temperature of the uranium-aluminum alloy. The released material was mostly xenon, and small amounts of iodine and cesium were observed.