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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Bernard I. Spinrad, James S. Sterbentz
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 90 | Number 4 | August 1985 | Pages 431-441
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE85-A18491
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Wigner-Seitz cell problem is treated by integral transport theory as a superposition of black boundary problems using the volume source and sources equivalent to the two lowest order angular components of the reentrant flux. This treatment sheds light on the convergence properties of iterative integral transport solution methods. The outgoing flux is required to have the lowest order components equal and opposite to those of the reentrant flux. Sample problems with this P11 boundary condition give good results. A new approximation to neutron transport theory is also reported. This approximation does not rely on expansion or approximation of the angular flux distribution, but rather on approximating the integral transport kernel by a sum of diffusionlike kernels that preserve spatial moments of the kernel. This might permit transport problems to be treated as a set of coupled diffusion problems in any geometry.