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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
E. Starr, H. Honeck, J. DeVilliers†
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 18 | Number 2 | February 1964 | Pages 230-235
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE64-A18322
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This describes an experimental technique to determine the average velocity of the thermal-neutron spectrum as a function of time in a pulsed-neutron experiment. The measurement of the average velocity as a function of time is used to determine two parameters: the time necessary to establish an asymptotic spectrum, and the average velocity of the asymptotic spectrum. The variation in the asymptotic average velocity with material buckling is described by a “spectral-shift coefficient” which is related to the diffusion-cooling coefficient. It was found necessary to wait 2 milliseconds for the establishment of an equilibrium spectrum in graphite, and 0.6 milliseconds in heavy water, and that these values are insensitive to the geometric buckling. Values of the spectral-shift coefficient are given and compared with theoretical estimates.