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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
J. Schlösser
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 24 | Number 2 | February 1966 | Pages 123-132
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE66-A18297
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A model of parallel capillaries with different diameters has been developed to explain back-diffusion experiments on four rather different graphites both impregnated and unimpregnated. The transport phenomenon has been taken as an interaction between diffusional and molecular flow on one hand, and viscous and slip flow on the other, to cover the whole range of diameter to mean-free-path ratios possible in graphite. It can be shown that only by assuming at least three bundles of capillaries with different diameters can these experiments be adequately explained. It is further possible to relate the material constants, the viscous flow component B0, and the slip flow component K0 to the pore-size distribution obtained. When we consider the complexity of porous capillaries in graphite, the agreement is found to be good, about 30%.