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Fusion Science and Technology
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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
A. Marcinkowski, R. W. Finlay, G. Randers-Pehrson, C. E. Brient, R. Kurup, S. Mellema, A. Meigooni, R. Tailor
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 83 | Number 1 | January 1983 | Pages 13-21
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE83-13
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Inelastic scattering of 25.7-MeV neutrons to unresolved final states with excitation energies up to ∼13 MeV were measured for monoisotopic samples of 51V, 56Fe, 65Cu, 93Nb, and 209Bi. Neutrons were produced via T(d,n)4 He reaction in a gas cell that provides a background-free source spectrum above En = 12 MeV. Time-of-flight spectra were taken at several angles between 25 and 145 deg using the beam-swinger spectrometer. The technique of dynamic biasing proved valuable in providing maximum detector efficiency and low background throughout the broad range of neutron energies. Data were converted to energy spectra, corrected for detector efficiency, averaged over 1-MeV bins, and corrected for sample attenuation and multiple scattering.