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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
A. Marcinkowski, R. W. Finlay, G. Randers-Pehrson, C. E. Brient, R. Kurup, S. Mellema, A. Meigooni, R. Tailor
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 83 | Number 1 | January 1983 | Pages 13-21
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE83-13
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Inelastic scattering of 25.7-MeV neutrons to unresolved final states with excitation energies up to ∼13 MeV were measured for monoisotopic samples of 51V, 56Fe, 65Cu, 93Nb, and 209Bi. Neutrons were produced via T(d,n)4 He reaction in a gas cell that provides a background-free source spectrum above En = 12 MeV. Time-of-flight spectra were taken at several angles between 25 and 145 deg using the beam-swinger spectrometer. The technique of dynamic biasing proved valuable in providing maximum detector efficiency and low background throughout the broad range of neutron energies. Data were converted to energy spectra, corrected for detector efficiency, averaged over 1-MeV bins, and corrected for sample attenuation and multiple scattering.