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Fusion Science and Technology
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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Tien-Ko Wang, F. M. Clikeman, K. O. Ott
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 93 | Number 3 | July 1986 | Pages 262-272
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE86-A17755
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Experimental and computational studies of the gamma-ray energy deposition rate in the Fast Breeder Blanket Facility (FBBF) were performed with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). Various corrections including the TLD neutron sensitivities and the f factors (general cavity-ionization theory) were applied to the TLD measurements. Comparisons were made with results of three computer codes — 1DX, 2DB, and ANISN — and two nuclear libraries — LIB-IV and EPR. Both neutron and gamma-ray calculations were performed. The previously reported deviations between the gamma-ray energy deposition calculated-toexperiment (C/E) ratios for lead and for stainless steel were resolved. It is believed that the remaining C/E discrepancy comes primarily from the inaccuracies in the neutronics part of the calculations, because similar dropoffs are also reported in the FBBF reaction rate C/E comparisons. Detailed analysis of the deviation between transport (Sn) and diffusion calculations in the FBBF were performed. It was found that the deviation is built up in the blanket region and is largely independent of the curvature of the “independent” source region. Comparisons between Sn and diffusion calculations (on a one-dimensional basis) for neutron fluxes and reaction rates indicated that the use of transport calculations should reduce the discrepancies of C/E comparisons.