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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
S. Kaizerman, E. Wacholder, E. Elias
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 84 | Number 2 | June 1983 | Pages 168-173
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE83-A17725
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An exact analytical solution of the characteristic equation of homogeneous nonequilibrium two-phase (gas-liquid) flow using the drift-flux model and an approximate, highly accurate, analytical solution of the characteristic equation of inhomogeneous nonequilibrium two-phase flows for practically all flow patterns are presented. Based on the nature of the eigenvalues, in analogy with single-phase flow and previous work in two-phase flows, the homogeneous and inhomogeneous nonequilibrium sound speeds have been defined. The resulting expressions for the sound speed are studied in a wide range of steam/water system parameters of interest such as pressure, degree of thermal nonequilibrium, and void fraction, from which conclusions concerning their general behavior are drawn. Good agreement is obtained between theoretical predictions of the sound speeds and various experimental data.