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Fusion Science and Technology
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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
P. Jacob, H. G. Paretzke, J. Wölfel
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 87 | Number 2 | June 1984 | Pages 113-122
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE84-A17706
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The photon fluence due to isotropic photon point sources in air has been calculated with a Monte Carlo code that accounts for photon absorption, Compton scattering, annihilation, and bremsstrahlung. Kerma buildup factors have been determined for ten energies in the 0.05- to 10-MeV range and for 72 distances in the 0.15- to 10-mfp range. The results agree with the moments calculations of Chilton, Eisenhauer, and Simmons within 5%, except for low energies and great penetration depths, where the buildup factors differ by more than 20%. This deviation may be due to the use of different cross-section data. The buildup factors have been analytically approximated by a polynomial in E−1 and µr with an accuracy of better than 5% for all 720 data points.