ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 ANS Annual Conference
May 31–June 3, 2026
Denver, CO|Sheraton Denver
Latest Magazine Issues
May 2026
Jan 2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
June 2026
Nuclear Technology
April 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Nuclear Energy Strategy announced at CNA2026
At the Canadian Nuclear Association Conference (CNA2026) in Ottawa, Ontario, on April 29, Minister of Energy and Natural Resources Tim Hodgson announced that Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) is developing a new Nuclear Energy Strategy for the country. The strategy, which is slated to be released by the end of this year, will be based on four objectives: 1) enabling new nuclear builds across Canada, 2) being a global supplier and exporter of nuclear technology and services, 3) expanding uranium production and nuclear fuel opportunities, and 4) developing new Canadian nuclear innovations, including in both fission and fusion technologies.
G. Montet, G. Hennig, A. Kurs
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 1 | Number 1 | March 1956 | Pages 33-52
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE56-A17656
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The distribution of displaced carbon atoms in irradiated graphite has been studied with a radioactive tracer technique. Radiation-damaged graphite containing radioactive displaced carbon (C11) atoms was prepared by cyclotron or betatron irradiation. After partial annealing, the distribution of the C11 was determined by controlled oxidation and counting of CO2 gas samples. Experiments on various types of weakly irradiated graphite indicate that a very small fraction of the displaced atoms are driven to particle surfaces during the annealing process, the fraction being higher for natural graphite than for artificial graphite and varying inversely with graphite particle size. Experimental conditions were varied to determine their effects on the distribution of the disaplaced atoms. Data obtained indicate that very little reintegration of displaced atoms occurs during short neutron bombardments at room temperature, that about 80% of the atoms reintegrate into vacancies during annealing below 400°C and that the remainder coalesce into complexes, and that large scale motion of the complexes begins at 400°C and ceases at approximately 1000°C. At this latter temperature the complexes appear to reach their final positions; however, they are relatively loosely bound and integrate progressively at these sites until they become indistinguishable from lattice atoms near 1700°C. Vacancies resulting from prior irradiation were found by tracer experiments to be effective traps for displaced atoms so that, during annealing of subsequent damage, the fraction that reaches the particle surfaces decreases rapidly with bombardment.